Pre-heat the oven to 325°F.
Line the bottoms of a jelly roll pan (16 x 12 x 1-inch baking tray) with parchment paper.
In a medium bowl, sift together the flour, cocoa and baking powder.
In another medium bowl, beat egg yolks and ½ cup granulated sugar until foamy and thickened.
In a third medium bowl, beat egg whites and cream of tarter until foamy.
Add ½ cup granulated sugar gradually until egg whites are stiff.
Using a rubber spatula, very gently fold beaten egg yolks into the beaten egg whites along with the vanilla for only a few turns; slowly and gradually fold in the flour, cocoa and baking powder until just incorporated into the meringue mixture; best if the dry ingredients are added in 3 equal portions; do not over mix; just ensure the flour is incorporated; over mixing will deflate the egg whites and result in a tough textured final product.
Pour into the prepared pan, place in the pre-heated oven and bake for about 20 minutes or until the center springs back when touched.
Remove from the oven; cool the cake completely, in the pan, before running a small sharp knife around the outside of the pan to release it.